Bridging the Clinical Gap: Cataract Surgery and Optometry

Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing optometry—not just behind the scenes, but directly in surgical suites and examination rooms. At the 2025 American Optometric Association (AOA) Conference, Drs. Harvey Richman and Rebecca Wartman highlighted how AI is transforming both cataract surgery planning and day-to-day optometric practice, while also addressing the challenges of responsible implementation. 

The Emerging Role of AI in Eye Care

AI is already being used to interpret complex imaging—from OCT scans to fundus photography—to support faster, more accurate diagnosis of retinal diseases like macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy.

Advantages & Applications

• Efficiency and Precision: AI can process large volumes of imaging data in a fraction of the time, reducing clinician workload and improving diagnostic accuracy.

• Pre-Surgical Insights: In cataract surgery, AI aids in predicting outcomes and customizing surgical approach.

• Everyday Practice Optimization: AI-driven tools support refractive error analysis, early disease detection, and management of patient workflow more effectively.

Caution & Clinical Balance

• Guarding Against AI Overreach: Dr. Wartman emphasized that while AI can augment decision-making, it should not replace clinical judgment—especially due to risks like algorithm “hallucinations” or data misinterpretation.

• Need for Ongoing Training: Dr. Richman noted that the rapid pace of AI development requires continuous education and validation to ensure safety and efficacy.

Why This Matters Now

AI’s leap into eye care marks a shift toward technology-supported, personalized medicine. It promises to raise the standard of care—but only if adopted thoughtfully. As AI becomes embedded in everything from cataract operations to routine eye exams, practitioners must stay informed, critically evaluate emerging systems, and keep patient welfare at the core of innovation.