The Impact of Age on Macular Degeneration

What Causes Macular Degeneration?

Macular degeneration is caused by the deterioration of the macula, the small, central part of the retina responsible for detailed, central vision. This deterioration can occur due to a variety of factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and age-related changes in the eye.

One of the primary causes of macular degeneration is the accumulation of waste products, known as drusen, under the retina. As you age, these waste products can build up, causing the macula to become damaged and leading to vision loss. Additionally, factors such as smoking, high blood pressure, and a diet high in unhealthy fats can contribute to the development and progression of macular degeneration.

As you age, the risk of developing macular degeneration increases significantly. The condition is most commonly seen in individuals over the age of 60, with the risk doubling every decade after the age of 50. By the time you reach the age of 80, your risk of developing macular degeneration is approximately 30%.

The impact of age on macular degeneration is multifaceted. As you grow older, the cells in your macula become less efficient at repairing themselves, leading to a gradual deterioration of the central vision. Additionally, the accumulation of waste products, known as drusen, under the retina can accelerate the damage to the macula, further compromising your vision.

The progression of macular degeneration can also be influenced by age. Older individuals are more likely to develop the advanced, "wet" form of the condition, which can lead to a more rapid and severe loss of vision. This form of macular degeneration is characterized by the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the retina, which can leak and cause significant damage to the macula.

Other Risk Factors for Macular Degeneration

In addition to age, there are several other risk factors that can increase your likelihood of developing macular degeneration:

Genetics: If you have a family history of macular degeneration, you are at a higher risk of developing the condition.

Smoking: Smoking significantly increases your risk of developing macular degeneration and can also accelerate the progression of the condition.

High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can contribute to the development and worsening of macular degeneration.

Diet and lifestyle: A diet high in unhealthy fats, lack of exercise, and obesity can all increase your risk of macular degeneration.

Understanding these risk factors can help you take proactive steps to manage your eye health and reduce your chances of developing macular degeneration.

The Importance of Regular Eye Exams for Seniors

As you age, regular eye exams become increasingly important for the early detection and management of macular degeneration. The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends that individuals over the age of 65 have a comprehensive eye exam at least once every one to two years, or more frequently if you have a family history of macular degeneration or other risk factors.

During these eye exams, your optometrist will carefully examine your eyes, looking for signs of macular degeneration or other age-related eye conditions. They may use advanced imaging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) or fluorescein angiography, to detect any changes in the macula or underlying blood vessels.

By catching macular degeneration in its early stages, your eye doctor can recommend appropriate treatment options to help slow the progression of the condition and preserve your remaining vision. Regular eye exams can also help your ophthalmologist monitor the progression of the disease and make timely adjustments to your treatment plan.

Schedule Your Next Eye Exam with Evolutionary Eye Care Today

Macular degeneration is a progressive eye condition that can have a significant impact on your vision and quality of life as you age. By staying informed and taking an active role in your eye care, you can take steps to mitigate the impact of age on your vision and maintain your independence and quality of life for as long as possible.

For more information on macular degeneration or to schedule an eye exam, visit Evolutionary Eye Care at our Downtown office, located in Houston, Texas. Call (713) 658-8301 to book an appointment today.